Treatments may include topical creams, cryotherapy (freezing a lesion), biopsy or complete removal of a cancerous lesion.
Cryotherapy: This uses liquid nitrogen (-196 degrees celsius) to freeze the abnormal skin spot. It takes only seconds, then forms a small blistery sore, which heals over 1-2 weeks depending on body location. Cryotherapy is commonly used to treat pre-cancerous lesions in sun-damaged areas (eg face, scalp, arms, hands), before they can develop into a skin cancer that needs removing surgically.
Topical creams: There are a number of creams that can treat pre-cancerous lesions, or some superficial skin cancers. They have various treatment applications and side effects which will be discussed further if required.
Biopsy: There are various kinds of biopsy, which involves removing a small piece of tissue (3-4mm) to send to the lab for pathology testing.
Excision: Some lesions are obvious skin cancers that are best treated by complete surgical excision. These are always sent for pathology testing for an accurate diagnosis and to ensure the cancer has been removed completely. Excisions are done under local anaesthetic to numb the skin and make the procedure painless. The procedure usually takes 20-40 minutes, and the wound is closed with sutures and covered by a dressing. Sutures are usually removed a week or so later.